Principles Of Flight - Aeroplane

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• Basics, laws and definitions
• The two-dimensional airflow about an aerofoil
• The coefficients
• The three-dimensional airflow about an aeroplane
• The total drag
• The ground effect
• The relation between the lift coefficient and the speed for constant lift
• The stall
• CLmax augmentation
• Means to decrease the CL - CD ratio, increasing drag
• The boundary layer
• Special circumstances

• The Mach number definition
• Normal shockwaves
• Means to avoid the effects of exceeding Mcrit

• Oblique shockwaves

• Condition of equilibrium in stable horizontal flight
• Methods of achieving balance
• Longitudinal stability
• Static directional stability
• Static lateral stability
• Dynamic lateral stability

• General
• Pitch control
• Yaw control
• Roll control
• Interaction in different planes (yaw/roll)
• Means to reduce control forces
• Mass balance
• Trimming

• Operating limitations
• Manoeuvring envelope
• Gust envelope

• Conversion of engine torque to thrust
• Engine failure or engine stop
• Design feature for power absorption
• Moments and couples due to propeller operation

• Forces acting on an airplane
• Emergency descent